Engineering Guides
Plain-language explanations of the engineering behind the calculators — what the equations mean, where the numbers come from and where real plants lose accuracy.
How Orifice-Plate and Venturi Flow Measurement Works (ISO 5167)
The physics and the equations behind differential-pressure flow measurement: discharge coefficient, expansibility, steam density, thermal expansion and the mistakes that cause 2–5 % errors.
Read the guide →Steam Tables and IAPWS-IF97: What the Numbers Are and Why They Matter
How steam properties are calculated in industry, what the IF97 regions mean, and why the ideal-gas shortcut is not good enough for power-plant calculations.
Read the guide →Feedwater Heaters: TTD, DCA and What They Tell You About Plant Health
Why regenerative feedwater heating improves efficiency, what terminal temperature difference and drain cooler approach mean, and how to read them for diagnosis.
Read the guide →SAMA Diagrams Explained: How to Read Boiler and Turbine Control Logic
What a SAMA functional diagram shows, what its symbols mean, and a worked example of three-element drum-level control.
Read the guide →Heat Rate and Thermal Efficiency of a Power Plant, Explained
What station heat rate means, how it converts to efficiency in kcal/kWh and kJ/kWh, and what changes it.
Read the guide →Condenser Performance and Cooling-Water Flow in a Steam Power Plant
How the surface condenser sets turbine back-pressure, how cooling-water flow is calculated, and what TTD and LMTD say about condenser health.
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